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Strong Heart and Vascular Center

Heart Conditions

Atrial Fibrillation

What is Atrial Fibrillation (AF)?

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is diagnosed when the heart's two small upper chambers (the atria) quiver instead of beating normally. The weakened heartbeat does not effectively pump the blood through the heart, and the blood may pool and/or clot. Untreated, atrial fibrillation can lead to stroke or heart failure.

Symptoms of Atrial Fibrillation

Often, there are no outward symptoms of atrial fibrillation - it is diagnosed by a doctor listening to the heartbeat through a stethoscope. If symptoms occur, they may include:

  • Irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia)
  • Dizziness
  • Chest pain or pressure (angina pectoris)
  • Shortness of breath
  • Fatigue or feeling of weakness

Risk Factors of Atrial Fibrillation

Although the exact cause of atrial fibrillation is unknown, there are certain conditions and factors that may increase the risk of developing this disorder, including:

  • Heart conditions - People with coronary artery disease, heart failure, or who have suffered a heart attack, can develop AF.
  • Recent heart surgery - AF can develop following heart surgery.
  • Lung disease/disorders - People with chronic lung disease, pulmonary blood clots, emphysema or asthma are at greater risk for developing AF.
  • Other disorders - People who have thyroid disorders, diabetes, or high blood pressure are at greater risk for developing AF.
  • Heredity - AF is associated with congenital heart defects.
  • Gender - Men slightly more at risk to develop, but usually more life-threatening in women.
  • Age - More common in older adults than younger adults.
  • Alcoholism - Prolonged alcohol abuse contributes to occurrence of AF.
  • Smoking - Damages heart and contributes to development of AF.

Diagnosing Atrial Fibrillation

If you are experiencing symptoms, you should consult with your physician. In order to determine the cause of symptoms, your doctor will perform a complete physical exam and review your medical and family medical history. In addition, various tests may be prescribed:

Treatment Options

Treatment of atrial fibrillation is highly important in order to reduce the risk of and prevent stroke and/or congestive heart failure. AF best responds to medical treatment such as: