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Tests and Procedures

Cardiac Catheterization

Scheduling Your Catheterization

After being evaluated by your cardiologist the decision to perform a catheterization will be made. The timing of the procedure is dependent on the patient’s cardiac condition. Most catheterizations are performed on an elective basis, which means no immediate action is required, but should be scheduled at the earliest convenient date. Other catheterizations may need to be done on an emergent basis, which is determined by the cardiologist and current medical condition.

After your cardiologist has requested the procedure, you will be contacted directly by the catheterization technologist who will schedule the procedure. It is important that any change in personal information (address, phone, and insurance) be updated at each clinic visit with the registration personnel. Once a date is established, the following will take place:

1. Pre-admission testing:

You will be required to have a pre-procedure evaluation before any catheterization, called a PRAT (Pre-admission testing) visit. A PRAT visit is scheduled one day prior to the catheterization. During this visit, you will also have the opportunity to meet the Cath Lab Team involved in the procedure.

2. Review of medical history and physical examination:

A complete review of the patient’s medical history and physical examination will be done by a cardiology nurse practitioner at the PRAT visit. This is to ensure that there are no current conditions present which could increase the risk of the procedure. Specific concerns include any history of allergies to medications or contrast (dye), current medications, current illnesses such as a respiratory illness, fever, rash, or signs of infection at the cath site (groin area).

3. Laboratory testing:

During your PRAT visit some tests may be performed such as an:

a. Electrocardiogram (EKG),
b. Echocardiogram (ultrasound of the heart),
c. Chest X-ray and/or
d. Blood tests including a complete blood count, a blood typing if an intervention is scheduled, a pregnancy test for all menstruating females and/or a bleeding time for patients on blood thinning medications (Coumadin or Heparin) or patients with very low oxygen saturation.

4. Consent:

The cardiologist performing the procedure will review the benefits and risks associated with the catheterization specific to the patient and their heart defect. Since a catheterization is an “invasive” procedure requiring entering the heart there are some risks. However, the overall risks are relatively low when performed under guidance of a qualified cardiologist and team. The risks of any procedure must be reviewed with the patient when obtaining “informed consent” for the patient to fully understand the procedure. Possible risks of the procedure include:

1. Infection at the cath site or in the heart
2. Bleeding or swelling at the cath site
3. Irregular heart beat
4. Damage to the heart wall
5. Allergic reaction to dye
6. Stroke or seizure from a blood clot
7. Death (rare)

5. Review of the procedure:

A complete review of the cardiac catheterization and preparation will be provided. Specific information will include:

1. Instructions for taking your current medications
2. Information about sedation and intravenous (IV) placement
3. Need for blood work
4. If necessary, shaving the groin area in preparation for the catheterization
5. Length of the procedure
6. Time to arrive at the hospital for the procedure
7. Time to stop eating solids or drinking prior to the procedure
8. Where to report for the procedure
9. Where the family members may wait during the catheterization
10. Events after procedure either returning to the Cath lab Holding area or overnight admission
11. Items to bring the day of procedure; a favorite blanket, toy, or music (Do not bring jewelry or money)

Detailed written instructions will be provided at the PRAT visit.